長文読解問題 ─ 時事ニュースの用語解説
トランプ米大統領の施政方針演説から、英単語を補充する問題でした。少し難しい単語を選んだので、ヒントに4つずつ選択肢を書きますね。
出典は昨日のThe Japan Timesで、AP通信の記事です。
H a “new chapter of American g ,” President Donald Trump issued a broad c for overhauling the nation’s health care system and significantly boosting military spending Tuesday night, swapping his trademark pugnaciousness and personal insults for a more restrained tone as he addressed C for the first time.
In an a to American optimism, Trump declared, “The time for small thinking is over.”
Still, he employed dark language to describe the threat posed by “radical Islamic t ” — a term his own national security adviser rejects as inflammatory — and warned against “reckless” and “uncontrolled entry” of refugees and immigrants from countries with ties to e groups.
Trump’s overall message on immigration — one of his signature campaign issues — was unexpectedly m . He said he believes that “real and positive immigration reform is possible” and had s to news anchors earlier that he was open to l that could provide a pathway to legal status for some of the millions of people living in the U.S. illegally.
Q1 and Q2.
H a “new chapter of American g ”
- Helping 1. giving
- Hopping 2. gift
- Helicoptering 3. greatness
- Heralding 4. great
Q3. President Donald Trump issued a broad c for overhauling the nation’s healtqh care system
- catch
- call
- create
- cushion
Q4. as he addressed C for the first time
1. Collateral
2. Cookery
3. Congratulations
4. Congress
Q5. In an a to American optimism
- attempt
- attachment
- appropriate
- appeal
Q6. Still, he employed dark language to describe the threat posed by “radical Islamic t ”
- terrorism
- testosterone
- tactics
- terrorists
Q7. He … warned against “reckless” and “uncontrolled entry” of refugees and immigrants from countries with ties to e groups.
- energetic
- extremist
- employable
- endless
Q8. Trump’s overall message on immigration … was unexpectedly m .
- moved
- mitigated
- moderate
- mixed
Q9. He … had s to news anchors earlier that…
- screamed
- suggested
- smirked
- shrunk
Q10. He … was open to l that could provide a pathway to legal status …
- lectures
- lessons
- looks
- legislation
あと、斜線部分は難しい単語なので、英英辞典から定義を書きました。
★overhauling = 動詞overhaul + ingで名詞形にしたもの。overhaul = take a part a piece of machinery or equipment to examine it and repair it if necessary.「分解・修理する」
★pugnaciousness = 形容詞pubhnacious + nessで名詞形にしたもの。pugnacious = eager or quick to argue, quarrel, or fight「喧嘩っぱやい」
★insult = speak to or treat with disrespect or scornful abuse. 動詞・名詞とも同じつづり。侮辱的な扱いをすること
★optimism = hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something. 楽観的であることを指す名詞。「楽観主義者」optimistも反義語pessimismも必須単語
★inflammatory= 名詞inflammationの形容詞。大元はflame「炎」という名詞で、inflammatoryで「火をつけるような」転じて「扇情的な」「対立を煽るような」
inflammationは、a localized physical condition in which part of the body become reddened, swollen, hot and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection 「体の一部が赤くなったり腫れたり熱くなったりする、しばしば苦痛をともなう状態。特に怪我や感染への反応として起きる」と丁寧な説明がされています。つまり「腫れ」「炎症」のことですね。医学部受験には必須の単語です。
★reckless = heedless of danger or the consequences of one’s actions; rash or impetuous. 「自らの行動の危険や結果を気にしないで」という説明ですが、説明にやたら難しい単語が使われています。recklessは「向こう見ずな」「無謀な」という形容詞
heedlessはheedless of~というイディオムで使われる「~を考慮せず」という言い方。consequenceは「結果」「帰結」という名詞。rashもimpetuousもrecklessと同義の形容詞です。
★anchor = ここではnews anchorsですから「報道陣」「大物キャスター」を指します。元の定義はa person or thing that provides stability or confidence in an otherwise uncertain situation「不安定な状況に安定や自信をもたらす人やもの」。「錨」という意味でも出る可能性あり